Winner states that these sort of political issues related to technology should be studied and debated before technology is implimented. He warns that much of the technology that "looks fabulous from the point of view of efficiency, productivity and global competitiveness" contains "what amounts to an ingenious synthesis oriental feudalism and capitalism"
Winner suggests that we resist this technology, instead "choosing to explore ways of extending our ideas about freedom and a just society into the realm of technology itself."
To do this Winner suggests that we "cultivate ways of democratizing the process of technology policymaking and . . . the process of technological innovation." He offers "three guiding maxims."
1. No innovation without representationWinner gives examples of some successes in using such methods in the Swedish newspaper industry, which resulted in "democratization expressed in hardware, software, and human relationships."All groups affected by a particular technology should be represented "at a very early stage of defining what the technology should be."2. No engineering without political deliberationAll proposed technologies should be studied to reveal any covert politics they would entail3. No means without endsBefore anything is created, it should be studied to make sure it will not become a "tool looking for a use." Winner states that he believes that The Star Wars project, High definition television, and the introduction of computers in the schools are all examples of "means looking for ends."
If people are given this involvement in the creation of technology,
they will need to become proficient in area which most people are
lacking in now - the studying of the politics of technology and objects.
If this is not done, Winner warns, "human freedom and dignity could
well become obsolete remnants of a bygone era."